Nowadays, the number of vehicles has increased exponentially, but the bedrock capacitiesof roads and transportation systems have not developed in an equivalent way to efficiently copewith the number of vehicles traveling on them. Due to this, road jamming and traffic correlatedpollution have increased with the associated adverse societal and financial effect on different marketsworldwide. A static control system may block emergency vehicles due to traffic jams. WirelessSensor networks (WSNs) have gained increasing attention in traffic detection and avoiding roadcongestion. WSNs are very trendy due to their faster transfer of information, easy installation, lessmaintenance, compactness and for being less expensive compared to other network options. Therehas been significant research on Traffic Management Systems using WSNs to avoid congestion, ensurepriority for emergency vehicles and cut the Average Waiting Time (AWT) of vehicles at intersections.In recent decades, researchers have started to monitor real-time traffic using WSNs, RFIDs, ZigBee,VANETs, Bluetooth devices, cameras and infrared signals. This paper presents a survey of currenturban traffic management schemes for priority-based signalling, and reducing congestion and theAWT of vehicles. The main objective of this survey is to provide a taxonomy of different trafficmanagement schemes used for avoiding congestion. Existing urban traffic management schemes forthe avoidance of congestion and providing priority to emergency vehicles are considered and set thefoundation for further research.
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